using System;
using System.Collections.Concurrent;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Text;
using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Markdig;
using Markdig.Renderers.Html;
using Markdig.Syntax;
using Markdig.Syntax.Inlines;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.IO;

namespace Dpz.Core.Infrastructure;

public static class ApplicationTools
{
    /// <summary>
    /// 起始时间
    /// </summary>
    public static readonly DateTime StartTime = new(2018, 2, 11, 13, 56, 24, DateTimeKind.Local);

    public static readonly Lazy<string> ApplicationVersion = new(() =>
        Assembly.GetEntryAssembly()?.GetName().Version?.ToString() ?? "unknown"
    );

    public static readonly RecyclableMemoryStreamManager MemoryStreamManager =
        new RecyclableMemoryStreamManager();

    #region 通配符匹配算法

    // 缓存匹配结果以提高性能，使用ConcurrentDictionary保证线程安全
    private static readonly ConcurrentDictionary<
        (string input, string pattern),
        bool
    > WildcardMatchCache = new();

    // 缓存大小限制，避免内存泄漏
    private const int MaxWildcardCacheSize = 10000;

    /// <summary>
    /// 通配符匹配
    /// 支持 * (匹配任意字符) 和 ? (匹配单个字符)
    /// 默认忽略大小写，包含缓存机制以提高重复匹配的性能
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="input">要匹配的输入字符串</param>
    /// <param name="pattern">通配符模式</param>
    /// <param name="ignoreCase">是否忽略大小写，默认为 true</param>
    /// <returns>是否匹配成功</returns>
    /// <example>
    /// <code>
    /// bool result1 = ApplicationTools.WildcardMatch("/api/users/123", "/api/*"); // true
    /// bool result2 = ApplicationTools.WildcardMatch("file.txt", "*.txt"); // true
    /// bool result3 = ApplicationTools.WildcardMatch("test", "t??t"); // true
    /// bool result4 = ApplicationTools.WildcardMatch("ABC", "abc"); // true (默认忽略大小写)
    /// bool result5 = ApplicationTools.WildcardMatch("ABC", "abc", false); // false (区分大小写)
    /// </code>
    /// </example>
    public static bool WildcardMatch(string input, string pattern, bool ignoreCase = true)
    {
        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(input) && string.IsNullOrEmpty(pattern))
        {
            return true;
        }

        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(input) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(pattern))
        {
            // 空输入只能匹配全为 * 的模式
            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(input) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(pattern))
            {
                return pattern.All(c => c == '*');
            }
            return false;
        }

        // 检查缓存
        var cacheKey = ignoreCase
            ? (input.ToLowerInvariant(), pattern.ToLowerInvariant())
            : (input, pattern);

        if (WildcardMatchCache.TryGetValue(cacheKey, out var cachedResult))
        {
            return cachedResult;
        }

        // 执行匹配
        var result = WildcardMatchCore(input.AsSpan(), pattern.AsSpan(), ignoreCase);

        // 缓存结果（有大小限制）
        if (WildcardMatchCache.Count < MaxWildcardCacheSize)
        {
            WildcardMatchCache.TryAdd(cacheKey, result);
        }
        else if (WildcardMatchCache.Count >= MaxWildcardCacheSize)
        {
            // 当缓存满时，清理一半的缓存
            ClearHalfWildcardCache();
            WildcardMatchCache.TryAdd(cacheKey, result);
        }

        return result;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 清空通配符匹配缓存
    /// 在内存压力较大或模式变化频繁时可以调用此方法
    /// </summary>
    public static void ClearWildcardCache()
    {
        WildcardMatchCache.Clear();
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 获取当前通配符匹配缓存的大小
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns>缓存中的项目数量</returns>
    public static int GetWildcardCacheSize()
    {
        return WildcardMatchCache.Count;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 将通配符模式转换为 .NET 正则表达式字符串：`*` 匹配任意字符、`?` 匹配单个字符，
    /// 其余字符按字面量转义（正则元字符不会影响匹配）。
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="pattern">通配符模式</param>
    /// <param name="captureLiterals">
    /// 为 true 时，被 `*`/`?` 分隔的连续字面量片段各自包在捕获组中，
    /// 便于在匹配结果中定位实际命中的文本（如高亮）。
    /// </param>
    /// <returns>正则表达式字符串（不含首尾锚点，调用方自行决定是否锚定）</returns>
    public static string WildcardToRegexPattern(string pattern, bool captureLiterals = false)
    {
        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(pattern))
        {
            return "";
        }

        var regex = new StringBuilder();
        var literalRun = new StringBuilder();
        foreach (var c in pattern)
        {
            if (c is '*' or '?')
            {
                if (literalRun.Length > 0)
                {
                    AppendLiteralRun(regex, literalRun, captureLiterals);
                    literalRun.Clear();
                }
                regex.Append(c == '*' ? ".*" : ".");
            }
            else
            {
                literalRun.Append(c);
            }
        }

        if (literalRun.Length > 0)
        {
            AppendLiteralRun(regex, literalRun, captureLiterals);
        }

        return regex.ToString();

        static void AppendLiteralRun(StringBuilder target, StringBuilder run, bool capture)
        {
            var escaped = Regex.Escape(run.ToString());
            if (capture)
            {
                target.Append('(').Append(escaped).Append(')');
            }
            else
            {
                target.Append(escaped);
            }
        }
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 核心通配符匹配算法实现
    /// </summary>
    private static bool WildcardMatchCore(
        ReadOnlySpan<char> input,
        ReadOnlySpan<char> pattern,
        bool ignoreCase
    )
    {
        // 处理空字符串的特殊情况
        if (pattern.Length == 0)
        {
            return input.Length == 0;
        }

        if (input.Length == 0)
        {
            // 输入为空，只有模式全部是 '*' 才匹配
            for (var i = 0; i < pattern.Length; i++)
            {
                if (pattern[i] != '*')
                {
                    return false;
                }
            }
            return true;
        }

        var inputIndex = 0;
        var patternIndex = 0;
        var starIndex = -1;
        var match = 0;

        while (inputIndex < input.Length)
        {
            // 如果模式字符是 '?' 或者字符匹配
            if (
                patternIndex < pattern.Length
                && (
                    pattern[patternIndex] == '?'
                    || CharEquals(input[inputIndex], pattern[patternIndex], ignoreCase)
                )
            )
            {
                inputIndex++;
                patternIndex++;
            }
            // 如果模式字符是 '*'
            else if (patternIndex < pattern.Length && pattern[patternIndex] == '*')
            {
                starIndex = patternIndex;
                match = inputIndex;
                patternIndex++;
            }
            // 如果之前遇到过 '*'，回溯
            else if (starIndex != -1)
            {
                patternIndex = starIndex + 1;
                match++;
                inputIndex = match;
            }
            // 不匹配
            else
            {
                return false;
            }
        }

        // 跳过模式末尾的 '*'
        while (patternIndex < pattern.Length && pattern[patternIndex] == '*')
        {
            patternIndex++;
        }

        return patternIndex == pattern.Length;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 字符比较，支持大小写敏感/不敏感
    /// </summary>
    private static bool CharEquals(char a, char b, bool ignoreCase)
    {
        return ignoreCase ? char.ToLowerInvariant(a) == char.ToLowerInvariant(b) : a == b;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 清理一半的缓存以避免内存过度使用
    /// </summary>
    private static void ClearHalfWildcardCache()
    {
        try
        {
            var keysToRemove = WildcardMatchCache.Keys.Take(WildcardMatchCache.Count / 2).ToList();
            foreach (var key in keysToRemove)
            {
                WildcardMatchCache.TryRemove(key, out _);
            }
        }
        catch
        {
            // 如果清理失败，清空所有缓存
            WildcardMatchCache.Clear();
        }
    }

    #endregion

    /// <summary>
    /// Markdown转为Html
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="markdown"></param>
    /// <param name="disableHtml">是否禁用html（默认禁用）</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static string MarkdownToHtml(this string markdown, bool disableHtml = true)
    {
        var pipelineBuild = new MarkdownPipelineBuilder()
            .UseAutoLinks()
            .UsePipeTables()
            .UseTaskLists()
            .UseEmphasisExtras()
            .UseAutoIdentifiers();

        if (disableHtml)
        {
            pipelineBuild.DisableHtml();
        }

        var pipeline = pipelineBuild.Build();

        var document = Markdown.Parse(markdown, pipeline);
        foreach (var link in document.Descendants<LinkInline>())
        {
            link.GetAttributes().AddPropertyIfNotExist("target", "_blank");
        }

        foreach (var link in document.Descendants<AutolinkInline>())
        {
            link.GetAttributes().AddPropertyIfNotExist("target", "_blank");
        }

        return document.ToHtml(pipeline);
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 失败重试
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="func"></param>
    /// <param name="retryInterval">重试间隔</param>
    /// <param name="maxAttemptCount">最大重试次数</param>
    /// <param name="specificExceptionTypes">指定异常</param>
    /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>
    /// <returns></returns>
    /// <exception cref="AggregateException"></exception>
    public static async Task<T> RetryAsync<T>(
        Func<Task<T>> func,
        TimeSpan retryInterval,
        int maxAttemptCount = 3,
        ICollection<Type>? specificExceptionTypes = null
    )
    {
        if (maxAttemptCount <= 0)
        {
            maxAttemptCount = 3;
        }

        var exceptions = new List<Exception>();
        for (var attempted = 0; attempted < maxAttemptCount; attempted++)
        {
            try
            {
                if (attempted > 0)
                {
                    await Task.Delay(retryInterval);
                }

                return await func();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                if (specificExceptionTypes != null && specificExceptionTypes.Contains(ex.GetType()))
                {
                    throw;
                }
                exceptions.Add(ex);
            }
        }

        throw new AggregateException(
            $"this task has been repeated {maxAttemptCount} times and has failed",
            exceptions
        );
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 失败重试（无返回值）
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="func"></param>
    /// <param name="retryInterval">重试间隔</param>
    /// <param name="maxAttemptCount">最大重试次数</param>
    /// <param name="specificExceptionTypes">指定异常</param>
    /// <exception cref="AggregateException"></exception>
    public static async Task RetryAsync(
        Func<Task> func,
        TimeSpan retryInterval,
        int maxAttemptCount = 3,
        ICollection<Type>? specificExceptionTypes = null
    )
    {
        _ = await RetryAsync(
            async () =>
            {
                await func();
                return 0;
            },
            retryInterval,
            maxAttemptCount,
            specificExceptionTypes
        );
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// 获取IP地址
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="request"></param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    public static string GetIpAddress(this HttpRequest? request)
    {
        if (request == null)
        {
            return "unknown";
        }
#if DEBUG
        return "113.110.235.52";
#endif
#pragma warning disable CS0162 // 检测到不可到达的代码
        return GetClientIp(request);
#pragma warning restore CS0162 // 检测到不可到达的代码
    }

    private static string GetClientIp(HttpRequest request)
    {
        // 优先从 Ali-Cdn-Real-Ip 中获取真实IP
        var aliCdnRealIp = request.Headers["Ali-Cdn-Real-Ip"].FirstOrDefault();
        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(aliCdnRealIp))
        {
            var ip = aliCdnRealIp.Trim();
            if (
                !string.IsNullOrEmpty(ip)
                && !ip.Equals("unknown", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
            )
            {
                return ip;
            }
        }

        var forwardedFor = request.Headers["X-Forwarded-For"].FirstOrDefault();
        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(forwardedFor))
        {
            var ip = forwardedFor.Split(',')[0].Trim();
            if (
                !string.IsNullOrEmpty(ip)
                && !ip.Equals("unknown", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
            )
            {
                return ip;
            }
        }

        var realIp = request.Headers["X-Real-IP"].FirstOrDefault();
        if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(realIp))
        {
            return realIp;
        }

        return request.HttpContext.Connection.RemoteIpAddress?.ToString() ?? "unknown";
    }

#nullable enable

    public static string GenerateSecret(int length = 32)
    {
        // ReSharper disable once StringLiteralTypo
        const string alphabet = "ABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZabcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz0123456789";
        ArgumentOutOfRangeException.ThrowIfLessThan(length, 1);

        Span<byte> buffer = stackalloc byte[length];
        RandomNumberGenerator.Fill(buffer);

        var chars = new char[length];
        for (var i = 0; i < length; i++)
        {
            chars[i] = alphabet[buffer[i] % alphabet.Length];
        }

        return new string(chars);
    }
}